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The Oxyrhynchus Papyri, Vol. 14, edited by Bernard P. Grenfell and Arthur S. Hunt (London: Egypt Exploration Fund, 1920)
Contracts, receipts, and accounts (no. 1647-1658) (Late 1st to Late 4th c. AD) [1] [2]
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No. 1647. Apprenticeship to a Weaver. 18.9 x 6.8 cm. Late 2nd c. AD. (p.78)
A contract whereby Platonis also called Ophelia apprenticed her female
slave for four years to a weaver to be taught the trade. The conclusion
with the date is lost ; but Platonis is mentioned again in
Oxy.1721, which was written in AD 187, and Oxy.1647 is approximately
contemporary with Oxy.725 (AD 183), which closely resembles it in
formula. Earlier contracts with weavers from Oxyrhynchus are Oxy.275
(AD 66) and 322 (AD 36) ; B.G.U.1021, which also concerns a slave at
Oxyrhynchus, is with a ktenistes and of the third century, being less
complete. Similar contracts with weavers from other nomes are
P.Tebt.385 (AD 117), No.442 (AD 113), B.G.U. 855 (AD 147), P.Grenf. ii.
59 (AD 189), P.S.I. 241 (3rd cent. AD) ; cf. also B.G.U.1125 (13 BC),
96 (3rd cent AD ), 724 (AD 155), P.S.I.287 (AD 377), which concern
other trades. In P.Tebt.384 (AD 10) apprenticeship to a weaver is
combined with a loan from him; cf. P.Flor.44 (AD 158). Oxy.1647
mentions a new tax on apprenticeships (ekdoseis).
On the verso of this document (No.1647) is a much effaced letter of Apia (?).
Translation from Greek: (p.80)
"Platonis also called Ophelia, daughter of Horion, of Oxyrhynchus, with
her guardian who is her full brother, Plato, and Lucius son of Ision
and Tisasis, of Aphrodisium in the Small Oasis, weaver, mutually
acknowledge, Platonis also called Ophelia that she has apprenticed to
Lucius her slave Thermuthion, who is under age, to learn the trade of
weaving for a period of 4 years dating from the ist of the coming month
Tubi of the present year, for which period she is to feed and clothe
the girl and produce her to her instructor daily from sunrise to sunset
in the performance of all the duties to be imposed on her by him
appertaining to the aforesaid trade, her pay being for the first year
at the rate of 8 drachmae a month, for the second year 12 dr. a month,
for the third year 6 dr. a month, and for the fourth year 20 dr. a
month, and that the girl is to be allowed annually 18 days' holiday on
account of festivals, while, if there are any days on which she does no
work or is ill, she shall remain with her instructor for a number equal
to these at the end of the period, the taxes upon the trade and imposts
upon apprenticeship being chargeable to the instructor; and Lucius on
his part . . . "
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No. 1648. Abstracts of Contracts from a family. 15 x 44.7 cm. Late 2nd c. AD. (p.81)
On the recto are parts of four columns of a list of abstracts of
contracts and other documents concerning the property of a family,
similar to a Strassburg papyrus edited by Wilcken in Archiv iv. 130-42.
The papyrus was reduced in height and joined to at least one different
document (of which traces survive to the left of Col. i), in order to
receive on the verso an account of proceedings before an emperor
(Oxy.33), and only the middle portions of the columns on the recto are
preserved, while the beginning and end of the whole list, which may
have extended over other columns in each direction, are lost.
The Strassburg papyrus, which is complete at the end, has the signature
of an official, who was no doubt connected with the record-office where
the documents in question were kept, but to whom it was addressed is
unknown. Both it and No. 1648 may have begun .... like Oxy.1649,
P.S I. 4,50 verso, and B.G.U.861, which contained very similar lists of
documents, generally in abstracts. Oxy.1724, 1725, and probably 962
verso are also of the same character as Oxy.1648. This group of
abstracts of miscellaneous documents of different dates relating to a
particular family is to be distinguished from (1) the official
abstracts of documents concerning real property (diastromata) drawn up in the Bibliotheke egkteseon
with marginal annotations, exemplified by Oxy.274, P.Amh.98, and
B.G.U.1072, and (2) returns of contracts sent in monthly to the Bibliophylakes egkteseon,
such as P. Flor.24 and probably 25, Leipz.31, Brit.Mus.1179 + Flor.51,
Cairo Preisigke 31, B.G.U.540, P.S.I.190 (?), 221 (?), SB.5167-73.
These two classes of lists, besides the actual documents themselves,
probably formed the material on which lists like the present one were
based.
The earliest date mentioned in No.1648 is AD 57 (line 65), and the
latest certain date in it is AD 169-70 (line 4) ; but in line 70 there
is probably a reference to the 25th year of Commodus (AD 185). The
recto of the papyrus is in any case likely to be earlier than the reign
of Severus both on account of the handwriting and because the emperor
with whom Oxy.33 is concerned is probably Marcus Aurelius or Commodus.
At least six generations of the family in question can [p.82] be
distinguished. These are in chronological order : (1) Petosorapis; (2)
Sarapion; (3) Zoilus I, living in AD 117-18; (4) Saras, living in AD
154, who married Hermogenis and had a brother Theon and a
sister Terathonis; (5) Zoilus II, living in AD 165-9), who married
Herais, living in AD 168; and (6) Taaphochis also called Taonutis,
living in AD 168.
Since the order of the entries in Oxy.1648 is not, like those in
Oxy.1649, chronological, and many of them are quite short, dates being
frequently omitted, the relationship of several individuals mentioned
to the six generations of the family in question is not clear. Thus
Sarapion who was living in AD 80-81 (lines 43-4) must with his father
Sarapion be distinct from (2) ; but possibly (1) Petosorapis was the
son of one of them. Saras son of Zoilus surnamed Amois (line 68) is
possibly identical with (4) ; but he is more likely to have been the
son of (5), since the entry concerning him probably refers to AD 185,
and this Zoilus with a surname may be distinct both from (3) and (5).
The documents described include sales of slaves (lines 4-12),
house-property (lines 13-31), land (probably lines 35-36), workshops
and materials connected with dyeing (lines 50-64), receipts for taxes
on the inheritance of catoecic land (lines 37-42), divisions of
property (lines 43-47), a loan on mortgage, which had been subjected to
demosiosis (lines 68-71), receipts of an uncertain character (lines 72-74, 83-90), hypomnemara (a memorandum or application to some official; lines 75, 91-3), a metadosimon (1ine 32,n.), perhaps a diastolikon (line 82,n.), proktetyika dikaiomata (line 66), contracts of uncertain character (lines 76-8), and an extract of some kind (lines 79-81).
Translation from Greek: (pp.85-86)
[p.83] "10th year of Aurelius Antoninus, Zoilus son of Saras bought
from Pelechon son of Castor the female slave belonging to him,
Thermuthion surnamed Isidora, aged about 18 years."
"6th year of the Aurelii Antoninus and Varus Caesars the lords, Zoilus
bought from Phatres son of Phatres his slave Psais now surnamed
Agathodaemon, aged 3, and another Psais surnamed Ammonius, aged about
4."
"8th year of the Aurelii Antoninus Caesar the lord and the deified
Verus, Tubi 18, Herais' (1) daughter of Candion son of Candaeus
with her guardian, her son Harouetes son of Sarapion son of Trophimus,
bought for her daughter Taaphochis also called Ta . onutis daughter of
Zoilus son of Saras, his mother being Hermogenis, from Diogenes son
of The ... son of Didymus also called . . ., his mother being
Cedilla daughter of Lucius, an Alexandrian, and A . . . son of Pausiris
son of Sarapion, his mother being . . . arion, the house belonging to
them in the quarter of Pammenes' Garden."
" year of Hadrian, Zoilus son of Sarapion bought from Heron and Horion
their property, owned as regards 3/4| by Heron and as regards the
remaining 1/4 by Horion, consisting of a house, yard, and court and
other fixtures, and an entrance and exit by the side of these, and
appurtenances, in the quarter of Pammenes' Garden."
"A memorandum served by Clearchus son of . . . upon Sarapion son of
Athenaeus, guardian of Di . . ., concerning dyeing-workshops."
"A contract concerning 1/4 arourae at Palosis (2)."
"A contract concerning 4 arourae in the areas of Tepouis and Senuris. (3)"
"Tax on land-distribution (4) paid by Saras son of Zoilus upon 6
arourae in the area of Palosis inherited by him from Zoilus son of
Sarapion son of Petosorapis, and 3 1/4 arourae in the areas of Tepouis
and Teouchis (5)."
"Tax on land- distribution paid by Saras and his brothers." (p.86)
"Tax on land-distribution paid by Zoilus son of Saras on land inherited from his father."
"Copy of a division of property between Sarapion and Heron, both sons of Sarapion, in the 3rd year of Titus."
"Ditto in the 17th year of Antoninus, Pauni 13, between Saras and Theon, both sons of Zoilus son of Sarapion."
"Ditto between Saras and Theon, both sons of Zoilus son of Sarapion."
". . . and the drains in vacant spaces on the west of the workshop, the
use of 1/2 the above-mentioned being reserved for Epeus son of
Sarapion, freedman of Demetrous daughter of Plutarchus, of the said
city, for his lifetime in accordance with the aforesaid will, and ...
at the workshop and drains. The adjacent areas are on the south land of
the heirs of Damas. on the north land of Philonicus, on the east a
street, on the west a garden.
"Sarapias and Aunchis, both daughters of Harthonis son of Paapis, and
their mother Terathonis daughter of Zoilus son of Sarapion son of
Petosorapis have sold the produce and roof and dyeing-workshops
constructed jointly, which belong to them in the aforesaid
dyeing-place, and the leaden pot and earthenware cask which they
possess there, and further the vacant spaces which they possess on the
west of the workshop."
"3rd year of Nero Claudius Caesar, Pharmouthi i, through the office of
the agoranomi at Oxyrhynchus, deeds concerning previous ownership of
the ground on the west of the workshop."
"Publication effected by Saras son of Zoilus sumamed Amois. He borrowed
1,000 drachmae at 6 drachmae a month interest (6) from the present
month Pauni of the 25th year on the security of a half share of a house
owned jointly in respect of the remaining half by Zosimus son of
Pausiris with its fixtures . ..."
Notes:
1) Herais was married twice, having a son by Sarapion (line 16) and a daughter by Zoilus (line 18).
2) Palosis was in the Thmoisepho toparchy; cf. Oxy.1659. 88.
3) Tepouis and Senuris were [towns] in the Ano Toparchia ; cf. Oxy.721. 9, Oxy.1285. 63.
4) this tax was payable on the grant or transfer of catoecic
land, whether by cession or inheritance ; cf. P.Tebt. 357. 3, n.
5) Teouchis, a village which was no doubt in the Ano Toparchia like Tepouis (note 3), is unknown,
6) 6 drachmae per 1,000 a month is less than the usual rate of
interest, which is 10 per 1,000; but 5 per 1,000 is not uncommon.
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No. 1649. Abstracts of Contracts from a family. 22.2 x 13.6 cm. After AD 280. (p.87)
A series of extracts from the records of the Bibliotheke Demosion Logon
at Oxyrhynchus, containing brief abstracts of documents concerning the
property of a family, similar to Oxy. 648, but about a century later;
cf. Oxy. 1648. The ends [p.88] of lines are lost, and fairly certain
restorations ..... combine to suggest that about 25 letters are missing
in lines 1-17 and 10 more after that point. The heading of the list,
showing the source of it, is partly preserved .
The items are arranged chronologically, beginning in AD 257, the latest
referring to a year which is not earlier than AD 279-80. The lower
margin of the column is partly extant, and that the list was continued
in one or more columns now lost (cf. Oxy.1648) is not very likely, for
the handwriting suits the concluding portion of the reign of Probus
better than the fourth century AD.
The first two entries (11. 2-8) mention a woman called Sarapias, and a
different Sarapias found in 1. 12 may be her daughter; but most of the
other names are lost. With three exceptions (11. 2-8 and 18-19) each
entry mentions (1) a hypomnema
(ie. a memorandum or application to some official ; cf. Oxy.1648.75)
which had been officially examined, (2) one or more contracts
accompanying the hypomnema,
the verb paretheto, i.e. "deposited" in the archives, being apparently
supplied in each case (cf. line 6). Most of these contracts were simply
called chremaismoi (i. e. notarial documents ; cf. Oxy. 1648. 35, n.), their character not being specified ; others were apparently cheirographa of the nature of asphaleiai (lines 14-17, 25-7) and both classes had in some cases been subjected to ekmartiresos (cf. Oxy.1562). A will, also accompanied by a hypomnema, is the subject of lines. 5-8: the nature of the documents mentioned in lines 2-4 and 18-19 is obscured by the lacunae.
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Nos. 1650 and 1650(a)
Accounts of Freight to Memphis. 1650: 18.7 x 16.4 cm.; 1650 (a): 18.4 x
8.6 cm. Late 1st or early 2nd c. AD. (p.90)
These two papyri, which were found together and were written probably
about the end of the first century AD, contain accounts relating to the
transport of wheat and beans (?) to Memphis by water (cf. Wilcken,
Grundz. p. 378), and emanating presumably from a naukleros or kubernetes.
Oxy.1650 is in two columns, each concerned with a different boat,
carrying respectively 550 and 540 artabae of wheat, the various charges
connected with which are nearly identical in the two accounts and are
put in the same order. Oxy.1650(a), referring to another
commodity, is in a different hand and shows some other differences of
detail, though many of the items mentioned in Oxy.1650 recur.
Oxy.1651, though a century at least later in date, is closely similar.
Other more or less cognate accounts are P. Paris 60 bis (= W. Chr. 30)
and Hibeh 110 recto, 21 sqq. of the third century BC, and of the later
Roman period P. Fay. 104, Ryl. 224 (a), Flor. 335.
[No.1650:]
Translation from Greek: (p.91)
"Memphis account, the 29th. Account of a wherry: 550 artabae of wheat,
44 drachmae, repairs 6 dr., tax 4 dr., examination dues 4 dr., to the
banker 1 dr, commission 5 dr., exchange 1 dr., to an
interpreter 2 dr, rudder 14 dr. 4 ob., a guard from the land (?) and
for a boat (4) 4 ob., to clerks 4 dr., to Artemis 1 dr., affadavit 1
dr., receipt 4 ob., examination dues for a libation 2 dr., total 91 dr."
"Memphis account. the 29th. Another boat with a hold, for 540 artabae of wheat at 8 dr. per 100 art., 43 dr., etc.
[No.1650a:]
Translation from Greek: (p.92)
["The ... th, Memphis account. For beans (?) 119
drachmae, repairs 5 dr.5 ob., rudder 14 dr., 5 ob., to the banker 1
dr., tax 8 dr., examination -dues .. dr., storage 10 dr.,
commision 14 dr., exchange 2 dr., receipt-charges 2 dr., clerks 4 dr.,
affadavit.... dr, to a soldier [1] 4 dr., receipt 2 ob."
Notes:
1. The soldier served as a guard (stationarios).
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No. 1651. Account of Freight. 15.1 x 11 cm. 3rd century AD. (p.93)
An account of expenses connected with a freight of jars of wine,
closely resembling Oxy.1650 and 1650a; cf. int. to those papyri. The
writing is across the fibres, but whether on the recto or verso is not
clear.
Translation from Greek: (p.94)
" For 400 jars at 41/2 obols, 300 dr., examination dues 4 dr., expense
of carriage of wine 36 dr. 3 ob., tax 24 dr., rudder 12 dr. 4 1/2
ob., clerks 8 dr., total 385 dr. 2 ob. Extra payments on this, 30 dr.,
exchange 2 dr. i ob., affidavit 3 ob., total amount 418 dr. Timber 14
dr. 2 ob., to a beneficiariiis (1)
4 dr., total amount 436 dr. 2 ob. To a boat 4 ob., ... 4 ob., receipt 1
dr. 1 ob., to an examiner 1 dr. 1 ob., to a soldier on guard [1] 2 dr.
2 ob."
Notes:
1. Cf. Oxy.1650 (a), and Oxy. 62, where a stationarios (soldier on guard) is mentioned in connexion with the embarkation of corn. On the stationarii,
including centurions, decurions, and beneficiarii (note 1), introduced
by the Romans for police purposes, see Wilcken, Grimdz. 413-14.
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No. 1652. Accounts of Transport. (a) 5.2 x 14.2 cm.; (b) 5 x 19.6 cm. 3rd c. AD (p.94)
These two short accounts, written by the same hand and following the
same formula, relate to two villages in the Lower toparchy of the nome.
The names of the villages precede as headings, and below are entered
various sums for platupegion Kronionos (1), stephanotikon (3), dromadarion (4), and naulou krithes, each of these being followed by a kind of prosdiagraphomena called eremon
(2), the amount of which is always approximately 10 per cent, of the
preceding sum. Since three out of the four main items are evidently
concerned with transport either by land or water, it seems natural to
connect eremon with the well-known eremophulakia (cf. e.g. P. Fay. p. 196). The fourth main item, however, stephanotika (3), for which large sums are entered in both accounts, is obscure. If this is an unusual variant for stephanika, the addition of a percentage for eremophulakia is surprising; but stephanotika can, as Rostowzew suggests, be regarded as an epithet of ploia understood.
[No. 1652 a]
Translation from Greek: (p.95)
"Psobthis in the Lower toparchy: for the barges (1) of Cronion 299
drachmae, desert dues (2) 27 dr., crown-tax (3) 1 talent 897 dr.,
desert dues 672 dr., wages of camel-men (4) 216 dr., desert dues 21
dr., freightage of barley for Alexandria 518 dr., desert dues 52 dr.,
total 1 tal. 2712 dr.."
Notes:
1) platupegion Kronionos: "Barges of Cronion". The word platupegion is apparently novel; a boat of some kind is indicacated.
2) eremon: translated as "desert dues."
3) stephanotikon: Crown tax.
4) dromadarion: camel-men or camel drivers.
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No. 1653. Account of a Steward. 20.6 x 9 cm. AD 306. (p.95)
This account of a steward, dealing with payments on behalf of his
employer(a woman land-owner) for taxation and other purposes in the
14th year (of Constantius and Galerius), which equals the 2nd year (of
Severus and Maximinus), is written on the verso of a piece of papyrus
cut off from a roll of which the recto had already been used for
accounts, traces of two columns bemg visible.
The steward's account is continued on the recto, which seems to belong to the next year (p.96).
The payments were chiefly made in silver reckoned by weight, not by
coinage, but an interesting reference to gold reckoned on both systems
occurs in lines 17-18. Partly owing to the loss of a corner of the
document, but still more to alterations in the plan and to the
inexactitude of the writer, the meaning of some of the entries is not
very clear. Lines 2-14 and 17-18 apparently give receipts, lines. 15-16
and 19-21 expenditure.
Translation from Greek: (p.97)
Verso: "The 14th and 2nd year, Mecheir 12. Account (?) of uncoined
silver (1) delivered by the land-owner and transported to Hermopolis to
be delivered on account of the extra levy of uncoined silver imposed
for purpose of taxation at the rate of 1 1/2 oz. upon 100 artabae of
corn by the public measure, as follows. By another, 2 lb 1 oz. 8 gr. ;
(by ?) Bayllius, out of 1 lb., after reckoning the 4 1/2 oz. 2 gr. left
by the land-owner, the remamder, 7 oz 10 gr. Total 2
lb. 8 1/2 oz. 6 gr. (Phamenoth 2, to Sarapion, silversmith
2 lb. 3 oz. 17 gr., for refining these 1 oz. 12 gr.). Likewise 2
oz. 10 gr. of gold in 12 solidi (Remainder). From which there were
delivered to the land-owner on Phamenoth 17 of the 14th and 2nd year 3
oz. 9 gr."
Notes:
1) 1 oz of silver was equivalent to 2,776 drachmae in AD 307.
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No. 1654. Account of Notarial Expenses. 11.9 x 17.5 cm. About AD 150. (p.98)
On the recto are eight incomplete lines and beginnings of seven more in
a second column from a late first or early second century land-survey
list similar to P.Brit. Mus. 267. On the verso in a different hand is
the beginning of an interesting account of payments to various persons,
including nomographoi [1] and airetes hegemonikes Bibliothekes
[2] for drawing up or investigating official documents, besides
purchases of writing-materials. An approximate date is provided by the
mention in line 11 of Munatius Felix, praefect in AD 150-1 (cf.
Lesquier, L'armee romaine 513). The writer of the account was perhaps
himself an official, and the payments seem to have been made at
Alexandria rather than at Oxyrhynchus ; cf. notes 2-3 below.
Translation from Greek: (p.99)
"Account of expenditure. Mesore 3, to notaries [1] for writing 2
memoranda 6 obols, papyrus for these 4 ob. The 4th, for another papyrus
bought for cutting up 4 drachmae, to a selecter [3] of the praefect's
library [2] 10 ob. The 5th, to notaries of the agora, called . . ., for
investigating 2 memoranda of the archidicastes 4 ob. The 6th, one
notary . . . for ... memoranda of Munatius Felix . . ., and for an
extract . ."
Notes:
1. nomographoi: notaries, probably public officials.
2. proairetes: an official who "produced " documents as the
results of a search. The proairetes in Alexandria went about the
country collecting documents for the central archives at Alexandria.
3. hegemonikes Bibliothekes: Praefect's Library. This library, which was not known previously, must have been at Alexandria.
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No. 1655. Baker's Account. 8.2 x 10 cm. 3rd century AD (p.100)
.
An account, covering three successive days, of bread and cakes of
various kinds. The hand, which is of an uncultivated type, appears to
belong to the third century. Except on the verso, all figures have a
horizontal line over them. Cf. Oxy.1731. i-ii.
Translation from Greek: (p.100)
"Account of the baker Kalasiris. The 5th, 5 large loaves 5 denarii, 20
pairs of dried loaves 3 den., 1 measure of fine flour for . . ., cakes
3 den. The 6th, i measure of fine flour . . . The 7th, 40 divisible
loaves [1] 11 den. 2 dr., 40 large cakes 5 den. 3 dr. 20 pairs of
small cakes 3 den., 2 measures of fine flour 6 den., total 46 den.1
quarter."
Notes:
1. merikon: "divisible loaves" may be interpreted as bread or cake marked off into segments.
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No. 1656. Account of Food. 30.4 x 11.3 cm. Late 4th or 5th c. AD. (p.101)
An account of expenses for food of various kinds, written in an
uncultivated hand with many mistakes in spelling. The monetary unit is
abbreviated, mo ( ) standing for moirias, i.e. myrias denarion (thousands
of denarii), which became common in the latter part of the fourth
century (e.g. Oxy.1729-30) ; cf. the spelling in line 15.
[p.102] "Account of a repairer (?). I received from you 5,000 myriads,
from which, for dried fish (?) sauce 75 myr., . . . beans and small
vegetables 10 myr., meat for dinner, 3 lb., 75 myr., relishes 12 myr.,
cabbages 10 myr., dates 10 myr., Arcadian ... 300 myr., ... for dinner
10 myr., cheeses 30 myr., meat, 3 lb., 75 myr., relishes 12 myr.,
trotter 12 myr., pure loaves 40 myr., dainties 180 myr., breakfasts 75
myr., heads and honey 8 myr."
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No. 1657. List of Utensils. 21.6 x 12.5 cm. Late 3rd century AD. (p.102)
A list of utensils, which were contained in two stratiotaria
(military haversacks?), followed by a short letter announcing their
dispatch. As often happens (cf. e.g. Oxy.521, 1290), the list includes
some new words. It is written on the verso of 1411, which belongs to
the year AD 260.
Translation from Greek: (p.103)
"A military case of bronze utensils weighing 24 pounds, containing 1
dish, 1 saucepan, a plate, a bean-tureen, 2 saucers, 2 other vessels, a
salt-fish-pot (?), making 9 in number."
"Another military case weighing 16 pounds, containing the same objects and a censer and wallet. "
"To my friend Theon. ... on receipt of the 2 military cases of bronze
utensils containing the aforesaid vessels, which I have dispatched,
with the rest, send word to me, Lucia."
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No. 1658. List of Articles. 17.8 x 12.1 cm. 4th century AD. (p.103)
A list of various articles, similar to Oxy.1657, 1290, &c., and
including, like those papyri, some rare or novel forms. The writing is
across the fibres of the verso, the recto being blank except that at
one edge there is a vestige which may belong to the final letter of a
line.
Translation from Greek: (p.103)
" 2 Saite jars [1], 5 palm-wood boards of the boat, 2 couches, a new
flagon [2], a new . . ., a small basket containing at the bottom 2
small knives, 1 pot, 1 casket, some small nails of the boat, a handle
of a kettle.
Notes:
1. Saite is a form of measure.
2. "flagon": a translation of Badion, a diminutive of Bados which
according to Heschius contained 50 Zestai. Epiphanius, De. Pond. p.
187, derives the measure from the Hebrew Bith and associates it with
the oil-making indusry.
Footnotes:
1. [Editor's Note:] The original textual commentaries and notes provided by Grenfell and Hunt on
passages in Greek, and on some bibliographic references, have sometimes been abbreviated or omitted, if not essential to
understanding the content of the papyri documents. Any such omissions
are marked with "....", and any added words needed for clarity are
placed between brackets [ ]. These elisions are separate from those
used by Grenfell and Hunt in the translated text, which have not been
altered.
2. [Editor's Note:] References to all other papyri from the Oxyrhynchus
collections are given with their sequential number as "No. xxx" or as "Oxy.xxx."
Abbreviations to other papyri collections and standard historical
references used by Grenfell and Hunt include the following:
Appian = Appian of Alexandria (AD 95-165) was a Greek historian.
Archiv.= Archiv fur Papyrusforschung.
B.G.U. = Aeg. Urkunden aus den K. Museum zu Berlin, Griechische Urkunden.
Cassius Dio = The History by Lucius Cassius Dio (AD 165-235), Roman historian.
C.I.G. = Corpus Inscriptionum Graecarum, founded by August Bockh 1824-1860.
C.I.L. = Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum, begun by Theodore Mommson in 1847.
Cod. Just.= Codex Justinianus, the legal code of Justinian I, instituted AD 527.
Cod. Theod.= Codex Theodosianus, the legal code of Theodosius II from AD 438.
C.P.R. = Corpus Papyrorum Raineri, by C. Wessely.
Epiphanius, De. Pond. = On Weights and Measures by Epiphanius of Salamis (AD 320–403), written in AD 392.
Euseb.Chron. = The Chronicle by Eusebius of Caesarea (AD 260-339).
Josephus Ant.Jud. = Antiquities of the Jews by Flavius Josephus (AD 37-100)
Lesquier, L'armee romaine = L'armée romaine d'Égypte d'Auguste à Dioclétien by Jean Lesquier (1879-1921), written in 1918.
Marcellinus =The late Roman historian Ammianus Marcellinus (ca.330-400 AD).
O.G.I. = Orientis Graecae Inscriptiones selectae, by W. Dittenberger.
P. Amh. = The Amherst Papyri (Greek), Vols. I-II, by B.P.Grenfell and A.S.Hunt.
P. Basel = Papyrusukunden der offentlichen Bibliot.U.Basel, by E. Rabel.
P. Brit.Mus. = Greek papyri in the British Museum, by F.G. Kenyon.
P. Cairo = Catalog of the Greek Papyri in the Cairo Museum,by Grenfell & Hunt.
P. Fay. = Fayum Towns & Their Papyri by B.P.Grenfell, A.S.Hunt, & D.S.Hogarth
P. Flor. = Papiri Fiorentini, Vol. 1, by G. Vitelli.
P. Gen. = Les Papyus de Geneve, by J. Nicole.
P.
Grenf. = Greek Papyri, Ser. 1 by B.P. Grenfell, and Ser. II by Grenfell and Hunt
P. Hamb. = Griech Papyrusurkunden der Hamburg. Stadtbibliothek, by P.M.Meyer
P. Hibeh = The Hibeh Papyri by B.P Grenfell and A.S. Hunt
P. Iande = Papyri Iandanae, by E. Shafer et al.
P. Leipzig = Griechische Urkunden der Papyrussammlung zu Leipzig by I Mitteis.
P. Leyden = Papyri Graeci Musei Antiquarii Lugduni-Batavi, by C. Leemans.
P. Oxy. = The Oxyrhynchus Papyri, parts 1-13, by B.P. Grenfell and A.S. Hunt.
P. Petrie = The Flinders Petrie Papyri, by J.P. Mahaffy and J.G. Smyly.
P. Reinach = Papyrus grecs et demotiques, by T. Reinach et al.
P. Rev.Laws = The Revenue Laws of Ptolemy Philadelphus, by B.P. Grenfell.
P. Ryl. = Catalog of the Greek Papyri in the Rylands Library, by J. de
M. Johnson, V. Martin, and A.S.
Hunt.
P.S.I. = Papiri della Societa Italiana, by G. Vitelli et al.
P. Strassb. = Griech. Papyrus der K.Univ.bibliotheck zu Strassburg by F.Preisigke.
P. Taur. = Papyri Graeci regii Taurenensis Musei, by A. Peyron
P. Tebt. = The Tebtunis Papyri, by B.P. Grenfell, A.S. Hunt, et al.
Plin.Nat.Hist. = The Natural History by Gaius Plinus Secundus (AD 23-79).
Porphyry = Porphyry of Tyre (AD 234-305) was a Neoplatonic philosopher.
SB. = Sammelbuch griechischer Urkunden aus Aegypten, by F. Preisigke.
W. Chr. = Crestomathie, by U. Wilcken.
Wilcken, Ost. = Griechische Ostraka, by U. Wilcken.
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