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	Heinz Christian Pander (1794-1865)  Portrait of Heinz Christian Pander (photo: ca.1850).
	Heinz Christian Pander (July 24,1794 - Sept. 22, 1865) was a Baltic German biologist and embryologist from Riga.    Pander discovered the germ layers (three distinct regions of the embryo relating to specific organ systems). Thus he is considered a founder of embryology. Karl Ernst von Baer (1792-1876) expanded Pander`s concept to all vertebrates.     Pander also discovered numerous fossils including fish and trilobites from the Devonian and Silurian strata in the Baltic region, making major contributions to the definition of these periods. Pander was also the first to describe conodonts, which became an important date marker.      References: Pander, H.C. 1830. Contributions to the geology of the Russian Empire. Pander, H.C. 1856. Monograph of fossil fish from the Silurian stratum of the Baltic regions. St. Petersburg. Pander, H.C. 1857. On placoderms of the Devonian system. .
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